We are providing many paragraphs, long essay in very simple language with the boundaries of different words here. Here you can find Essay on Planning in India - Freedom from now in English language for students in 1000 words. In this article cover Topic : Planning as an important aspect for economy, History of planning in India, Planning Commission in India and its major functions, Five Year Plans-First Five Year Plan to Twelfth Five Year Plan, Other planned initiatives taken by the Government of India, Introduction of NITI Aayog and its main objective.
The plan for a country's economy is a very important aspect, it provides a blueprint for the development and development of the economy. A plan document presents the state of every sector of an economy and moves forward for government expenditure in the coming years. India started its planning process in 1961. The concept of five-year planning was based on the idea of ​​Joseph Stalin. The Soviet Union started the planning process from the 1920's. As after our independence, the politicians of our country were influenced by the socialist model of the Soviet Union, so it became the source of our economic planning process.
History of planning in India
The history of planning in India, however, is till the 1930s. This process was also influenced by the Soviet Socialist model. The 'planned economy in India', a book published by M. Vishweshwara in 1934, was the first attempt to present a draft for the planning process in India. Later, in 1938, the National Planning Committee was established under the chairmanship of Jawaharlal Nehru. However, due to some unforeseen circumstances, the report of the committee could not be prepared and it ended prematurely.
Later in 1944, the Bombay scheme was created by eight industrialists in Bombay, i.e. i.e.; JRD Tata G.D. Birla, John Mathai, Uttam Thakurdas, Kasturbhai Lalbhai, Lala Shriram, A.D. Shroff and ardir broker It was a plan for the next 15 years for three times the national income and in this period the per capita income was double. In 1944, MN Roy, a political theorist, also made an effort towards planning. The hypothesis for the next ten years, it all suggested nationalization of agriculture and production. This draft was based on the Marxist idea of ​​socialism. At the same time, Mr Narayan had drafted the 'Gandhian scheme'. The emphasis of the scheme was economic decentralization and giving priority to rural development. In this quest, it was suggested to support the cottage industry in India. Just before the fifth Plan process began in 1950, Jayprakash Narayan had drafted Sarvodaya Yojna. The idea of ​​Sarvodaya was given by Acharya Vinoba Bhave who all emerged. Immediately after independence, the Planning Commission started its first step on the Indian economy. The Committee on Economic Committees established under the chairmanship of Jawaharlal Nehru suggested the setting up of the Planning Commission. In compliance with the above recommendation, Planning Commission was constituted as a special institution for monitoring the economic planning of India in 1950 by an executive resolution. As it was not approved by the Parliament, it was called a non-statutory, extra-constitutional body. However, in order to give constitutional support to the process of economic planning, the National Development Council was established in 1952.
As a Planning Commission, a Prime Minister was the Chairman of the post of Chairman of the Prime Minister. However, the major work was done by the vice president. Deputy Chairman was given the rank of Cabinet Minister. Other full time members were experts in the field of economics, industry, science and general administration. The key functions of the Planning Commission were to evaluate the resources of capital and human resources and suggest ways to increase them; Proposal to allocate resources; Identifying factors that reduce economic growth; Monitor the successful implementation of the planning process etc. among other works.
Five Year Plans
The first five year plan began from 1951 and continued till 1956. The plan gave high priority to agriculture, which aims to balance the economy and to complete 360 ​​degree development. However, the first five-year plan could not achieve the target of growth rate of 5-7% but the rate of 3.6% can not be said as a failure. The Second Five Year Plan (1956-19 61) was based on the Nehru Mahalanobis model.
It was based on conflicting theory, where the fruits of development will reach the lowest level of society. The stated objective was rapid industrialization, the target achieved in this period was close to this goal. The objective of the Third Five-Year Plan (1961-66) was self-reliance. However, since India went to war with Pakistan in China (1962) and 1965, this plan failed miserably in fulfilling its objectives. Due to intense food crisis and economic tension, the period 1966-69 was declared a plan holiday but in the period annual plans were started.
It was a struggle phase for the economy because it went away to take the shock of the third five-year plan. The fourth Five Year Plan started from 1969 to 1974. Agriculture, social, justice and employment were developed in key thrust areas. But again, it became an obstacle in achieving the objectives of the war of 1971. The objective of the Fifth Five-Year Plan (1974-79) was to reduce poverty and achieve self-sufficiency. â–ª In the period this scheme can be considered as the most successful person because it caters to many goals. - In the 1980s, the sixth and seventh year plan was a proposal for LC) The ongoing storm in our economy India's economy was internally centered and was not open to the outside world. But the financial crisis of 1991 Otio inspired us towards LPG reforms (liberalization, privatization, globalization).
India became an open economy and we allowed foreign investment in many areas. The goals of the eighth Five Year Plan period (1999-9-7) were set for investment and to fix the imbalance in different areas. The objective of the Ninth Five Year Plan (1997-2002) is towards creating employment, self-reliance and regional balance. To an extent, this plan period was able to achieve these goals. The purpose of Tenth Five Year Plan (2002-07) is to achieve 8% growth rate as the global economy has grown. Thrust areas, poverty, education, gender equality, literacy etc. This plan was very successful due to high speed development.
Riding on the tide of the high growth rate of the previous plan period, targeted for 8-10% growth rate in the Eleventh Five Year Plan, but in 2008, the global economic downturn affects every country around the world. The loss of our planning period started in 2012-2017 as there was a change in the central government, so the central government expressed concern over the end of the five-year plan process. Therefore, the process of the five-year plan will end in 2017.
One of the main reasons for terminating the five-year plan is to eliminate the difference between 'plan expenditure' and 'non-plan' expenditure. The Union Budget categorizes them under two heads. The plan of money spent for a five-year plan is called plan expenditure and the balance which goes to maintain the regular functioning of the government, The plan expenditure is called. According to the C Rangarajan Panel (2011), this distinction will help in better public expenditure management in a phased manner. Therefore, the main consideration behind any economic planning process should be the proper and reasonable expenditure of the donor's money.
Other Planned Initiatives
The current government has started many planned activities and initiatives with an objective of making progress in every sector.
- Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana (PMKSY) This scheme aims to provide irrigation to all the land under cultivation (Har Khet Ko-Pani) through water harvesting and recycling along with increased water application efficiency (per drop more crop).
- Soil Health Card This initiative aims to assess the soil fertility status of farmlands at 3 year intervals.
- Digital India Programme The 'Digital India' programme was launched with an objective to transform India into a digitalised economy. It is being coordinated by the Department of Electronics and IT and is an umbrella programme covering many areas.
- Swacch Bharat Mission The `Swacch Bharat' mission aims to provide sanitation to the entire urban population of the country. It also aims to promote cleanliness in the community and society at large through effective solid waste management projects.
- Smart Cities Initiative The government aims to develop 100 Smart Cities with clean air, safe drinking water, improved infrastructure, complete sanitation, litter free streets. It also aims to involve citizens in decision making, creation of employment, improvement of disaster management facilities, development of public spaces and elimination of poverty.
- Make in India Initiative The 'Make in India' initiative is aimed at attracting foreign investors for starting manufacturing operations in India. The government is planning to reduce imports and increase exports through this initiative.
Niti Aayog
The Planning Commission completed its work with both successes and failures until the end in 2014. National Institution for Transforming India was established as a replacement for the Planning Commission. It came into existence on January 1, 2015 by a government resolution the main objective of Ethics ionization is to enter an era of democratic decentralization of the planning process. Contrary to the top-down process of the Planning Commission, it is to adopt a down-up approach. For its approach, the Planning Commission is often criticized for the ivory tower mentality and an armed chair approach (unaware of the realities of the ground). On the other hand, Policy Idea will come up with cordial center-state relations.
In the policy program, there is a provision of the post of Chairman, in the form of Prime Minister; Vice President (Arvind Panagariya); CEO (Amitabh Kant) and 3 full time members National Policy has released its first initiative, 'Report for India's Renewable Power Road Map 2030- Renewable Energy Global Investor Meet and Expo (Re-investment) 2015 for the rapid Renewable Power Deployment' Currently working on it actively.
India's planning process has been a mixed bag of successes and failures. However, a plan provides one set path for growth and development for one and the same. But the main ideas in the planning process should include the views of all stakeholders. Below is the best approach for planning. Perhaps the Niti commission and other planned initiatives will provide us with a summary of the plan.
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