We are providing many paragraphs, long essay in very simple language with the boundaries of different words here. Here you can find Essay on Increasing Population : A Threat to Development in India in English language for students in 1000 words. In this article cover Topic : India, the second largest populated country in the world, Population explosion is the mother of all evils, Major causes of population, Major impacts of high population and Government introduce some policies to control population.
Presently India is the second largest populated country of the world India represents 17% of the total world's population with more than 1150000000 people. Every nook and corner of India is a clean display of increasing population. Whether we are in a metro station, airport, railway station, road, highway, bus stop, shopping mall, market or even a social/religious gathering, we see a swelling crowd of any time of the day.
This is a horrible scenario and a clear indication of over population in the country. Too much population is trapping people in a web of poverty and illiteracy which further escalate the problem for country. Population explosion is he mother of all evils in our country.
Poverty, diseases, violence, unemployment, pollution are some of the evils that provide obstacles to the country's progress. Various studies have projected that India will become the world's most populous country, surpassing China by 2025. family planning and welfare programmes and population policies have not yielded the desired result and population is on the increase putting extra burden on our limited infrastructure and negating whatever progress we have achieved
Let us look at some of the major causes of population explosion in India
- The difference between birth rate and death rate is one of the reason. Though, according to 2011 census, birth rate has actually come down but this has been neutralised by fast declining death rates due to better sanitation and health facilities. Coupled with this life expectancy has also increased to 64 years. The medical boon has brought the curse of over population.
- Even though, legally the marriageable age of a girl is 18 years, the concept of early marriage still prevails at many places. Getting married at an young age prolongs the child bearing age as well as illiteracy (young girls are not educated enough to understand family control methods) also helps in increasing the population.
- The old cultural norm of sons as the bread earners of the families in India puts considerable pressure on the parents to produce children till a male child is born.
- Poverty is another factor for the rapid growth of population. Poor families have this notion that the more the number of members m the family, the more will be the numbers of persons to earn income. Thus, it increases the population.
- We cannot ignore the fact that illegal migration is continuously taking place from Bangladesh, Nepal leading to increased population density of India.
- Another factor that encourages growth rate is religion. Some communities consider any mandate or statutory method of prohibition to be sacrilegious. India, being a secular state, it cannot exercise any check or restraint. on religious grounds.
- Illiteracy is another cause of over population. Educated persons are more aware of the family planning concepts and understand the impact of overpopulation on the society. On the other hand, illiterate people are either unaware about the birth control methods or are unwilling to discuss about it. Uneducated people are not aware of adverse effects of too many people in a family.
Even after 68 years of independence, the scenario of India is not good, due to over population. It has become a threat for the development in India. The growth of population has a direct effect on the living standards of people. This is why, despite our spectacular progress in the agricultural and industrial spheres since independence, our per capital income has not risen appreciably.
Some major impacts of high population are as follows
- The rapidly growing population in India has led to the problem of shortage of food supply. Inspite of the fact that more than 60% of its population engaged in agriculture, people do not get even minimum necessary amount of food.
- Over population inevitably leads to heavy pressure on land. Since land is limited and fixed in supply, an increase in population can only bring more pressure on it.
- Generating employment for a huge population in a country like India is very difficult. The number of illiterate persons is increasing every year.
- Development of infrastructural facilities is unfortunately not keeping pace with the growth of population. The result is lack of transportation, communication, housing, education, healthcare etc.
- In the face of an increasing population, there is an unequal distribution of income and inequalities within the country widen.
- Unmanageable population size may contribute to political instability and unrest. The failure of the government to provide the basic minimum facilities to the people contributes to agitation and unrest among the masses.
- Economic development is bound to be slower the population is growing at a very fast rate. Absence of savings results in low capital formation.
- There will be large proportion of unproductive consumers due to over population. Rapid increase in the population contributes to an increase in the dependency ratio.
- When there is rapid growth of population, the government is required to provide the minimum facilities for the people for their comfortable living. Hence, it has to increase housing, educational, public health, communication and other facilities. Hence, it will increase the cost of the social overheads.
- Ignorance, illiteracy, unhygienic living and lack of proper recreation have remained the cause of population problem in India.
The government cannot ignore the problem of population explosion for entire development of the country depends on how effectively it is stemmed.
The Government of India, politicians, policy makers should initiate a bold population policy so that the economic growth of the country can keep pace with the demands of a growing population.
Major steps which have been already implemented but still need to be emphasised more to control population. Increasing the welfare and status of women and girls, spread of education, increasing awareness for the use of contraceptives and family planning methods, sex education, encouraging
male sterilisation and spacing births, free distribution of contraceptives and condoms among the poor, encouraging female empowerment, more health care centers for the poor, to name a few, can play a major role in controlling population.
India's strength in the global world in various fields cannot be ignored, whether in science and technology, medicine and health care, business and industry, military, communication, entertainment, literature and many more. Experts are hopeful that by increasing public awareness and enlisting strict population control norms by the government will definitely lead the way for the country's economic prosperity and control of population.
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