Its powers: The Supreme Court of India has more powers than any Supreme Court in any part of the world. It is the interpreter and guardian of the Constitution. It can be moved for the enforcement of the Fundamental Rights. For this purpose, it can issue writs like Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Quo Warranto, etc. The orders of the Supreme Court are binding on the executive. In an emergency, however, the president has the power to suspend the right to move the Supreme Court. Thus, it is the highest court of justice in India and the citizens of India look to it for justice.
Its functions: The Supreme Court is the highest judicial tribunal of India and as such it is armed with extensive powers. It exercise original, appellate and advisory jurisdiction.
Original Jurisdiction. It extends to all disputes between the Union Government and one or more States as also disputes arising between the States of the Indian Union.
Appellate Jurisdiction. (a) in civil cases, an appeal from the judgment of the High Court can be taken for appeal to the Supreme Court.
(b) In criminal cases, appeal from the judgement of the High Court can be taken to the Supreme Court, if the High Court has on appeal reversed on order of acquittal of an accused person and sentenced him to death, or if the High Court has withdrawn from a lower court a case for trial before itself and has on such trial convicted the accused person and sentenced him to death. An appeal can also be taken to the Supreme Court if the High Court certifies that the case is a fit one for appeal to the Supreme Court.
Advisory Jurisdiction. The President has the power to refer a question of law or fact of public importance for the opinion and report of the Supreme Court.
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